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Epstein-Barr Virus-Encoded MicroRNA BART15-3p Promotes Cell Apoptosis Partially by Targeting BRUCEHoyun Choi,a Hanna Lee,a Sae Rom Kim,b Yong Song Gho,b Suk Kyeong LeeaResearch Institute of Immunobiology, Department of Health-related Lifescience, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Koreaa; Division of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of KoreabEpstein-Barr Virus (EBV) generates several different viral microRNAs (miRNAs) by processing the BHRF1 and BamHI A rightward (BART) transcripts. BART miRNAs are expressed in all cells latently infected with EBV, but the functions of most BART miRNAs stay unknown. The outcomes of a cell proliferation assay revealed that miR-BART15-3p inhibited cell proliferation. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting following staining with annexin V or propidium iodide showed that miR-BART15-3p promoted apoptosis. Moreover, the inhibitor for miR-BART15-3p increased cell development and reduced apoptosis in EBV-infected cells. Applying bioinformatic analyses, we predicted that miR-BART15-3p may target the antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2), BCL2L2, DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 42 (DDX42), and baculovirus inhibitor of apoptosis repeat-containing ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (BRUCE) mRNAs. The luciferase reporter assay showed that only the 3= untranslated area (UTR) of BRUCE was affected by miR-BART15-3p. Two putative seed-matched internet sites for miR-BART15-3p have been evident around the BRUCE 3= UTR. The results of a mutation study indicated t.